Journal: Clinical and Experimental Immunology

Article Title: A novel selective spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor SKI-O-703 (cevidoplenib) ameliorates lupus nephritis and serum-induced arthritis in murine models

doi: 10.1093/cei/uxac096

Figure Lengend Snippet: in vivo effect of oral SKI-O-703 on lupus-like signs in NZB/W mice. Female NZB/W F1 mice were administrated orally with 42 mpk of SKI-O-703 (SKI 42), 84 mpk of SKI-O-703 (SKI 84), or tofacitinib (Tofa) from 18 to 34 weeks of age. ( A ) Body weights were measured every 2 weeks and are displayed as mean percent change of body weight, with SEM. ( B ) Spleen weights measured at the end of the experiment. ( C ) Serum was collected every 4 weeks and assayed by ELISA to measure titers of anti-dsDNA IgG. Mean titers are shown. AU, arbitrary unit. ( D ) Urine collected at 34 weeks of age and urinary albumin was assayed by ELISA. ( E ) Concentrations of blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine at 34 weeks of age. Graphs display means ± SEMs, and symbols represent values of individual mice (B, D, and E). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001, compared with the vehicle control group by two-way ANOVA (A and C) and two-tailed unpaired Students t -test (B, D, and E).

Article Snippet: Levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured by Knotus (Incheon, Korea).

Techniques: In Vivo, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells repair cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through antiapoptotic pathways

doi: 10.3892/etm.2015.2505

Figure Lengend Snippet: Kidney functional recovery and structural repair using human AD-MSCs in animals with acute kidney injury (AKI). (A) Renal function was assessed daily by the levels of BUN, serum Ccr, urinary mALB and β2 mG. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). *P<0.01 and **P<0.005, cisplatin + saline group vs. cisplatin + AD-MSCs group. (B) Representative images from H&E and PAS staining of the kidney sections from the healthy control, cisplatin + saline and cisplatin + human AD-MSCs groups (magnification, × 200). (C) Histopathological scoring of cisplatin-induced kidney tubular injury, as indicated with tubular necrosis, cast formation, loss of brush border and intratubular debris. Histopathological scoring was based on the percentage of affected tubules in the kidney sections. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. **P<0.005, between indicated groups. AD-MSCs, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Ccr, creatinine clearance rate; mALB, microalbumin; β2 mG, microglobulin; U, urinary; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff.

Article Snippet: Rats were housed in metabolism cages (Nanjing Bian Zhen Bio-science Company, Nanjing, China), and the blood serum and urine were collected every 24 h for determination of renal function by biochemistry analysis, which included measurements of the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (48T/96T; Biofine, Blaine, WA, USA), the creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) (48T/96T; Shanghai Yanjin Bio-science Company, Shanghai, China), urinary microalbumin (mALB) (cat. no. {"type":"entrez-protein","attrs":{"text":"ARB12655","term_id":"1168039453","term_text":"ARB12655"}} ARB12655 ; Beijing Ai Ran Bio-tech Ltd., Beijing, China) and β2 microglobulin (β2 mG) (Shanghai Yuanyan Bio-science Limited Company, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Functional Assay, Saline, Staining, Control, Derivative Assay

Journal: ACS Central Science

Article Title: A Bioinspired Scaffold with Anti-Inflammatory Magnesium Hydroxide and Decellularized Extracellular Matrix for Renal Tissue Regeneration

doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00812

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo evaluation of renal function recovery of PLGA/ECM/Mg(OH) 2 scaffolds. (a) Representative H&E staining of implanted scaffolds for assessment of regenerated glomeruli at 4 weeks postimplantation (black arrows indicate the regenerated glomeruli, ×100 magnification). (b) Number of regenerated glomeruli per unit area (4860 μm 2 ) at 4 weeks. Values are expressed as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * p < 0.01 and ** p < 0.001. PLGA/ECM/Mg(OH) 2 scaffold displayed a large number of promotive glomeruli per unit area (16.29 ± 3.15), compared with other groups (native 11.14 ± 1.35; PLGA 1.58 ± 0.98; PLGA/Mg(OH) 2 11.43 ± 1.72; PLGA/ECM 10.71 ± 2.50; respectively). (c) Renal function of the regenerated kidney was evaluated after transplantation of scaffolds at 4 and 8 weeks by measurement of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the blood (yellow box = normal range).

Article Snippet: To evaluate renal function, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary creatinine levels were measured by external entrustment (Samkwang Medical Lab., Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, Transplantation Assay

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Protective effect of ginsenosides Rk3 and Rh4 on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in vitro and in vivo

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.03.008

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of ginsenoside Rk3 and Rh4 (KG-KH) on body weight, kidney weight, kidney index, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine in cisplatin-injected rats

Article Snippet: Diagnostic kits for measurement of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were purchased from Asan Pharmaceuticals (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Conservation Physiology

Article Title: Juvenile moose stress and nutrition dynamics related to winter ticks, landscape characteristics, climate-mediated factors and survival

doi: 10.1093/conphys/coab048

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of ( A ) stress metabolite concentrations (fGCM), ( B ) urea nitrogen:creatinine (UN:C) ratios from radio-collared moose calves and ( C ) the temporal variation in snow depth (colored lines) and percent ticks engorged (dashed line; ). Mean and 95% confidence limits are indicated with dark circles and error bars, with light circles representing measurements from moose calves. Weeks indicate sampling occasions across the winter season. Four samples exceeded a UN:C ratio of 10 and were not shown in this figure.

Article Snippet: Samples were refrozen at −20°C and sent to Biovet, Inc. (Barneveld, Wisconsin, USA) for measurement of urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine (C; mg/dl), consistent with procedures reported by .

Techniques: Sampling